fa مقایسه تطبیقی دفاع رساله دکتری پرستاری در ایران و دانشگاه های برترآمریکا پرستاری nursing آموزش پرستاری Nursing Education <span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="text-justify:kashida"><span style="text-kashida:0%"><span style="line-height:normal"><span style="direction:rtl"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><b><span lang="FA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span b="" style="font-family:" zar="">مقدمه:</span></span></b> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span b="" style="font-family:" zar="">مهمترین رویداد در دوره دکتری، تکمیل و دفاع از رساله می باشدکه به فراگیری و ارتقاء مهارتهای لازم برای انجام پژوهش و بهبود عملکرد در حوزه رشته مدنظر می انجامد. ارزیابی&nbsp; برنامه دفاع رساله دکتری، به شناخت قوتها و ضعف های این فرایند کمک می کند. لذا این مطالعه تطبیقی به بررسی فرایند دفاع رساله در ایران و دانشگاه های برترآمریکا پرداخته است.</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="text-justify:kashida"><span style="text-kashida:0%"><span style="line-height:normal"><span style="direction:rtl"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><b><span lang="FA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span b="" style="font-family:" zar="">روش کار:</span></span></b><span lang="FA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span b="" style="font-family:" zar=""> مطالعه حاضر از نوع توصیفی- تطبیقی است که در سال 2021 و 2022 انجام شد. پس از دریافت برنامه دفاع رساله دکتری ایران و دانشگاه های آمریکا از سایتهای معتبر مرتبط، مقایسه با استفاده از الگوی بردی انجام شد. </span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="text-justify:kashida"><span style="text-kashida:0%"><span style="line-height:normal"><span style="direction:rtl"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><b><span lang="FA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span b="" style="font-family:" zar="">یافته ها: </span></span></b><span lang="FA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span b="" style="font-family:" zar="">در دانشگاههای علوم پزشکی هر دو کشور زمانبندی مشخصی برای انجام مراحل دفاع شفاهی،کتبی و انتشار مقاله از رساله وجود دارد. در ایران قبل از دفاع از رساله الزام به چاپ مقاله هست، درآمریکا مقاله آماده جهت ارسال و چاپ باشدکفایت می کند. رساله دکترای پرستاری در دانشگاههای علوم پزشکی ایران وآمریکا اغلب از نوع تحقیق کیفی و تعدادکمی هم تحقیقات ترکیبی است. </span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="text-justify:kashida"><span style="text-kashida:0%"><span style="line-height:normal"><span style="direction:rtl"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><b><span lang="FA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span b="" style="font-family:" zar="">نتیجه گیری: </span></span></b><span lang="FA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span b="" style="font-family:" zar="">در ایران تعداد واحد اختصاص یافته به رساله، تقریباً نصف واحدهای آموزشی است والزام به چاپ مقالات قبل از دفاع رساله منجر به طولانی تر شدن دوره دکتری شده است. با توجه به فلسفه اصلی آموزش این دوره مبنی بر پرورش اساتید، محققین و رهبران حرفه پرستاری و رفع مشکلات بالین،کم توجهی به امر آموزش و سوق دادن دانشجویان دکتری صرفاً به سمت و سوی حیطه های پژوهشی با اهداف اساسی این مقطع متناقض می باشد. </span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><br> &nbsp; <span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="text-justify:kashida"><span style="text-kashida:0%"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">Background : The most important event in the doctoral course is the completion and defense of the dissertation, which leads to learning and improving the necessary skills to conduct research and improve performance in the field. Evaluating a doctoral dissertation defense program helps to identify the strengths and weaknesses of this process. Therefore, this comparative study has investigated the thesis defense process in Iran and top American universities.</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="text-justify:kashida"><span style="text-kashida:0%"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">Methods: The present study is a descriptive-comparative study that was conducted in 2021-2022. After receiving the doctoral dissertation defense program of Iran and American universities from related reputable sites, a comparison was made using the Bereday&rsquo;s model.</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="text-justify:kashida"><span style="text-kashida:0%"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">Results: In the universities of medical sciences of both countries, there is a specific schedule for the oral, written defense and publication of the dissertation. In Iran, before defending a dissertation, it is required to publish the article, in the United States, it is sufficient for the article to be ready to be sent and published. Doctoral dissertation in Iranian and American universities of medical sciences is often a qualitative research and a small number of mix methods.</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="text-justify:kashida"><span style="text-kashida:0%"><span style="line-height:115%"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:115%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">Conclusion: In Iran, the number of units allocated to the dissertation is almost half of the educational units, and the obligation to publish articles before defending the dissertation has led to a longer doctoral course. According to the main philosophy of this course, which is to train professors, researchers and leaders in the nursing profession and solve clinical problems, the lack of attention to education and directing doctoral students only towards research areas is contradictory to the main goals of this course.</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><br> <br> <span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="text-justify:kashida"><span style="text-kashida:0%"><span style="line-height:normal"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman",serif"></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="text-justify:kashida"><span style="text-kashida:0%"><span style="line-height:normal"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><b><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">Findings:</span></b><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""> In the universities of medical sciences in both countries, there is a mandatory course such as quantitative and qualitative research methods before obtaining a dissertation unit, a specific schedule for completing the steps, obtaining a degree subject to oral and written presentation and publishing a dissertation article. In Iran, before defending a dissertation, it is required to publish the article, but in the United States, it is sufficient for the article to be ready for submission and publication. The doctoral dissertation on nursing in Iranian and American universities of medical sciences is often a qualitative research and a small number of combined research.</span></span></span></span></span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="text-justify:kashida"><span style="text-kashida:0%"><span style="line-height:normal"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman",serif"></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><br> <b><span style="font-size:11.0pt"><span style="line-height:107%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">Conclusion:</span></span></span></b><span style="font-size:11.0pt"><span style="line-height:107%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""> In Iran, the number of units allocated to the dissertation is almost equal to half of the educational units. Considering the main philosophy of this course, which is to train professors, researchers and leaders in the nursing profession and solve clinical problems, it seems that little attention is paid to teaching and directing doctoral students only towards research areas with the main goals of this course. Is contradictory. Also in Iran, the requirement to publish articles before defending the dissertation has led to a longer doctoral program.</span></span></span> بررسی تطبیقی, مدل بردی, رساله دکتری, پرستاری, ایران,آمریکا Comparative study, Brady model, PhD thesis, Nursing, Iran, USA 67 75 http://ijnr.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-5456-1&slc_lang=fa&sid=1 fatemeh bagheri فاطمه باقری bagherifatemeh59@yahoo.com 13700319475328460020426 13700319475328460020426 No Mashhad University of Medical Sciences دانشگاه علوم پزشکی مشهد hossein karimi moonaghi حسین کریمی مونقی KarimiH@mums.ac.ir 13700319475328460020427 13700319475328460020427 Yes Mashhad University of Medical Sciences دانشگاه علوم پزشکی مشهد