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Comparison of Contextual Schema Therapy, Forgiveness-based, and Mindfulness-based on Distress Tolerance in Bereaved Individuals During the COVID-19 Pandemic
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Zahra Nikdel   , Floor Khayatan * , Hadi Farhadi |
| Department of Psychology, Is.C., Islamic Azad University, Isfahan, Iran , f.khayatan@khuisf.ac.ir |
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Abstract: (9 Views) |
Background : Individuals experiencing grief during the COVID-19 pandemic faced numerous problems that affected their well-being and psychological resilience. The aim of the present study was to compare the effectiveness of various schema therapies (contextual, sector-based, mindfulness) on distress tolerance in individuals experiencing grief during the COVID-19 pandemic in Isfahan.
Method: The statistical population included all individuals experiencing grief during the COVID-19 pandemic, of whom 60 were selected conveniently and randomly assigned to 4 groups of 15 individuals (three experimental groups, one control group). The three experimental groups were treated with different types of schema therapy. The Simmons and Gaher (2005) distress tolerance questionnaire was used to collect data. Data analysis was performed using SPSS-26 software through repeated measures analysis of variance.
Results: Comparison of pre-test, post-test and follow-up scores in the experimental group showed that distress tolerance scores increased significantly in all three experimental groups (P<0.05). Also, the highest increase in distress tolerance was in the mindfulness-based schema therapy experimental group.
Conclusion: It can be said that all three contextual, forgiveness-based and mindfulness-based schema therapy approaches were effective in increasing distress tolerance, but the experimental group that received mindfulness-based schema therapy showed greater effectiveness. Therefore, mental health professionals are advised to use the schema therapy approach to improve the mental health of grieving individuals.
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| Keywords: Schema therapy, Grief, Corona, Distress tolerance |
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Type of Study: Psychiatric and Mental Health Nursing |
Subject:
behavioral sciences
Received: 2026/07/18 | Accepted: 2026/08/16 | Published: 2026/08/1
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